Daily Current affairs | 15 - February - 2025

Comprehensive Summary of YouTube Video: Current Affairs - Shyam Institute (Transcription Based)

Channel: Shyam Institute

Key Topics

This video covers daily current affairs including Dokra Art, President's rule in Manipur, Asian Fisheries and Aquaculture Forum (AFFAF), India's patent report of over 3000 patents, doubling bilateral trade, and International Childhood Cancer Day.

Art & Culture: Dokra Art

Dokra Art in News: Dokra artifacts were gifted to the French Prime Minister during the Prime Minister of India's visit to France, bringing this art form into focus.

About Dokra Art: Dokra art is a traditional metal craft practiced by the Dokra Damar tribes in states like Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, and Odisha. These are traditional metal smiths of central India.

Historical Significance: Dokra art's history dates back approximately 4000 years, with artifacts found in Indus Valley Civilization sites like Mohenjo-daro.

Technique: The art uses the lost-wax casting technique, also known as cire perdue, for metal casting.

Themes: Dokra art themes are inspired by nature, mythology, and daily life.

Question: Which region in India is famous for Dokra art?

Answer: Bastar, Chhattisgarh is renowned for Dokra art. Other states include Odisha, West Bengal, and Jharkhand.

Political Affairs: President's Rule in Manipur

Current Situation: Manipur is in the news due to the possibility of President's rule being imposed. Chief Minister Biren Singh has resigned amid ongoing conflicts between Meitei and Kuki tribes since May 2023.

Historical Context: This is not the first time Manipur has faced President's rule; this would be the 11th instance. The state was formed on June 21, 1972. The 10th President's rule was in 1993-94 due to conflicts between Naga and Kuki tribes.

Biren Singh's Tenure: Biren Singh became Chief Minister in 2017 and his constituency is Hingang. The current crisis began in May 2023, escalating tensions between the Meitei and Kuki communities, primarily over the Meitei group's demand for Scheduled Tribe (ST) status.

Committees Formed: In 2023, two committees were formed to investigate the Manipur situation:

• Ajay Lamba Committee (June 2023): Headed by retired Chief Justice of Gauhati High Court.
• Gita Mittal Committee (August 2023): Headed by retired Chief Justice of Jammu & Kashmir High Court.

Emergency Provisions: The video mentions three types of emergencies under the Indian Constitution:

Emergency Type	Article	Conditions for Invocation
National Emergency	Article 352	War, armed rebellion
President's Rule	Article 356	Failure of constitutional machinery in a state
Financial Emergency	Article 360	Financial instability of the nation

Conferences & Events: Asian Fisheries and Aquaculture Forum (AFFAF)

AFFAF 14th Edition: The 14th Asian Fisheries and Aquaculture Forum (AFFAF) was held in Delhi. This forum is significant for India due to its prominent role in global fisheries and aquaculture.

Frequency and Organization: The forum occurs every three years (triennial). It is organized by the Asian Fisheries Society (AFS) based in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Indian Participation: This is the second time India is hosting AFFAF; the 8th edition was held in Kochi in 2007. The 14th edition in Delhi is hosted by the Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying.

Key Organizers in India:

• Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)
• Asian Fisheries Society Indian Branch (AFS-IB), located in Mangalore, Bengaluru.
• Department of Fisheries (DOF), Government of India.

India's Position in Fisheries:

Category	Rank/Contribution	Details
Global Fish Production	3rd Largest Producer	After China, Japan
Global Aquaculture	2nd Largest Nation	After China
Global Fish Exports	4th Rank
Global Fish Production Contribution	7.7%
Top Fish Producing States in India	Top 3 States	Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal, Karnataka

Economy & Trade: India's Patent Achievements

Patent Milestone: India has surpassed 3000 patents between January 2019 and December 2024. This achievement is significant as India was previously in a lower position in patent filings.

Intellectual Property Rights (IPR): Patents are a form of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR), which protect inventions and innovations. World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), located in Geneva, Switzerland, is the global body overseeing IPR.

Contributing Sectors: Growth in patents is noted in scientific, industrial research, biotechnology, biological sciences, and agricultural biotechnology sectors.

Key Organizations: Department of Scientific and Industrial Research (DSIR) and Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), both based in Delhi, are key institutions contributing to this growth.

Patent Statistics: In about six years, over 2400 patents came from DSIR and CSIR, with approximately 600 patents in biological sciences and related fields, totaling over 3000 patents.

Economy & International Relations: Doubling Bilateral Trade

Indo-US Trade Relations: India and United States (US) aim to double bilateral trade by 2030, targeting $500 billion, up from the current $250 billion.

Areas of Trade: This includes defense, science, technology, civil aviation, and oil sectors.

Defense Cooperation: The US is expected to offer India F-35 fighter jets. India is also considering Russia's Su-57 fighter jets, creating interest in India's choice.

New Terminology: During discussions, terms like MAGA (Make America Great Again) and MIGA (Make India Great Again) were highlighted, reflecting the nationalistic goals of both nations.

Mission 500 & Key Agreements: The "Mission 500" refers to achieving $500 billion trade by 2030. Key agreements include:

• NASA-ISRO Axiom Mission: Sending four astronauts, including an Indian, to the International Space Station (ISS).
• NISAR (NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar): A joint mission for Earth observation.
• TRUST (Transforming the Relationship Utilising Strategic Technology) Initiative: Enhancing cooperation in defense, Artificial Intelligence (AI), semiconductors, quantum technology, biotechnology, fuel, and space sectors.

Fighter Jet Comparison: The video shows images of F-35 (US) and Su-57 (Russia) fighter jets, noting their rare joint appearance at the Aero India expo in Bengaluru.

Important Days: International Childhood Cancer Day

International Childhood Cancer Day: Observed annually on February 15th (Feb 15).

Theme: The theme for International Childhood Cancer Day is "Inspiring Action".

This is a comprehensive, transcription-based summary of the current affairs discussed in the YouTube video by Shyam Institute. For detailed information, please refer to the original video and Shyam Institute YouTube Channel for comprehensive updates.