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3. Lok Satta Party:

The Lok Satta Party was established by Jayaprakash Narayan on October 2, 2006.

The election symbol of the Lok Satta Party is Whistle.

4. Praja Rajyam Party:

The Praja Rajyam Party was established by Chiranjeevi in Tirupati on August 26, 2008.

Inspired by the ideals of Mahatma Gandhi and Jyotiba Phule, the party was founded and later merged into the Congress party.

5. Y.S.R. Congress Party:

The Yuvajana Sramika Rythu Congress Party was established by Kolisetti Sivakumar from Nalgonda in 2009 and registered with the Election Commission.

On February 15, 2011, at an emergency meeting of his party, Sivakumar announced that Y.S. Jaganmohan Reddy was elected as the national president.

Y.S. Jaganmohan Reddy reiterated that YSRCP works to achieve his father's 'goals and aspirations'.

Currently (2019), it is in power in Andhra Pradesh with 151 seats in the Assembly.

The election symbol of this party is Ceiling Fan.

6. Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) Party:

C.N. Annadurai founded it in Tamil Nadu in 1949.

It is the oldest among the regional parties.

Condemning Brahmin dominance, the Justice Party and the Self-Respect Movement merged to form the Dravida Kazhagam party in 1944.

DMK party was formed by splitting from this.

The election symbol of the DMK party is Rising Sun.

7. All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK):

It was founded by prominent Tamil film actor M.G. Ramachandran in 1972.

He created a record as the first person from the film industry to become Chief Minister.

After him, Jayalalithaa was elected as Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu from this party for 5 times and created a record.

The election symbol of AIADMK party is Two Leaves.

8. Shiv Sena Party:

Founded by Bal Thackeray in Maharashtra in 1966 with the slogan of protecting the self-respect of Marathi people.

The party came into prominence with the slogan 'Non-Marathis should not live in Maharashtra'.

Chatrapati Shivaji is their ideal.

The current president of Shiv Sena is Uddhav Thackeray (son of Bal Thackeray).

Shiv Sena split and a new party 'Maharashtra Navnirman Sena' was formed in 2006 under the leadership of Raj Thackeray.

The election symbol of Shiv Sena party is Bow and Arrow.

Saamna is the official newspaper of Shiv Sena party.

9. Jana Sena Party:

Andhra Pradesh film actor Pawan Kalyan founded the Jana Sena Party on March 14, 2014.

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No.	Political Party	Founders	Founded Year	State	Election Symbol
1.	Telangana Rashtra Samithi (TRS)	K. Chandrashekar Rao	2001	Telangana	Car
2.	Peoples Democratic Party	Mufti Mohammad Sayeed	1999	Jammu & Kashmir	Ink Pot
3.	Jammu & Kashmir National Panthers Party	Bhim Singh	1982	Jammu & Kashmir	Bicycle
4.	Jammu & Kashmir National Conference	Sheikh Abdullah	1932	Jammu & Kashmir	Plough
5.	All India Ittehadul Muslimeen (AIMIM)	Nawab Sadr Yar Jung	1927	Telangana	Kite
6.	Praja Rajyam	Konidela Chiranjeevi	2008	Andhra Pradesh	Railway Engine (No longer exists)
7.	Janata Dal (Secular)	H.D. Deve Gowda	1999	Karnataka	Woman farmer with a bundle of grass on her head
8.	Jana Sena	Pawan Kalyan	2014	Andhra Pradesh	Glass Tumbler
9.	Kerala Congress	K.M. Mani	1979	Kerala	Two Leaves
10.	Samajwadi Party	Mulayam Singh Yadav	1992	Uttar Pradesh	Bicycle
11.	Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam	Vijayakanth	2005	Tamil Nadu	Nagara (Drum)
12.	Rashtriya Lok Dal	Ajit Singh	1996	Uttar Pradesh	Hand Pump
13.	All India Trinamool Congress	Mamata Banerjee	1998	West Bengal	Flowers and Grass
14.	Asom Gana Parishad	Prafulla Kumar Mahanta	1985	Assam	Elephant
15.	Janata Dal (United)	Sharad Yadav, George Fernandes, Nitish Kumar	1999	Bihar	Arrow
16.	Lok Janshakti Party	Ram Vilas Paswan	2000	Bihar	Bungalow
17.	Indian National Lok Dal	Devi Lal	1987	Haryana	Spectacles
18.	Jharkhand Mukti Morcha	Shibu Soren	1972	Jharkhand	Bow and Arrow
19.	Jharkhand Vikas Morcha	Babulal Marandi	2006	Jharkhand	Comb
20.	Rashtriya Janata Dal	Lalu Prasad Yadav	1997	Bihar, Jharkhand	Hurricane Lamp (Lantern)
21.	Indian Union Muslim League	M.M. Ismail Sahib	1948	Kerala	Ladder
22.	Maharashtra Navnirman Sena	Raj Thackeray	2006	Maharashtra	Railway Engine
23.	National People's Party	P.A. Sangma	2013	Manipur, Meghalaya	Book
24.	Naga People's Front	Shurozelie	2002	Manipur, Nagaland	Cock
25.	Mizo National Front	Lal Denga	1959	Mizoram	Star
26.	Biju Janata Dal	Naveen Patnaik	1997	Odisha	Conch Shell
27.	All India N.R. Congress	N. Rangaswamy	2011	Puducherry	Jug
28.	Pattali Makkal Katchi	S. Ramadoss	1989	Puducherry	Mango
29.	Shiromani Akali Dal	Master Tara Singh	1920	Punjab	Scales
30.	Sikkim Democratic Front	Pawan Kumar Chamling	1993	Sikkim	Umbrella
31.	All India Forward Bloc	Subhas Chandra Bose	1939	West Bengal	Lion
32.	Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party	Dayanand Bandodkar	1961	Goa	Lion
33.	Telugu Desam Party	N.T. Rama Rao	1982	Andhra Pradesh	Bicycle
34.	Y.S.R. Congress Party	Y.S. Jaganmohan Reddy	2011	Andhra Pradesh	Ceiling Fan

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* The election symbol of the following political party is not a Bicycle:

1. Rashtriya Janata Dal
2. Telugu Desam
3. Jammu & Kashmir National Panthers Party
4. Samajwadi Party

(1) (AP Constable - 2019)

Prominent film actor Pawan Kalyan founded it on March 14, 2014.

The symbol of this party is a 6-faced star. The election symbol is Glass.

Recently, in Karnataka, actor Upendra founded the party Karnataka Pragnyavanta Janata Paksha (KPJP).

N.T. Rama Rao founded the Telugu Desam Party (1982).

Nandamuri Harikrishna founded 'Anna Telugu Desam' party (1999). (Incorrect in original text, bracketed section is empty).

Lakshmi Parvati founded the NTR Telugu Desam Party (1995). (Incorrect in original text, bracketed section is empty).

Actress Vijayashanti founded the Talli Telangana Party (2009). (Incorrect in original text, bracketed section is empty).

In Tamil Nadu, actor Vijayakanth founded the party named Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam (2005).

The Justice Party was founded in 1916 in Tamil Nadu by T.M. Nair and Thyagaraya Chetty against Brahmin dominance.

The Justice Party eventually transformed into the DMK party over time.

• Makkal Needhi Maiam - Kamal Haasan
• Loktantrik Janata Dal - Sharad Yadav
• Hamro Sikkim - Bhaichung Bhutia
• Samajwadi Secular & Morcha - Shivpal Singh
• Telangana Jana Samithi - Kodandaram
• Makkal Nala Katchi - Vishal
• Amma Ani - Dhinakaran

NOTA - None Of The Above

In 2013, the Supreme Court, in the People's Union for Civil Liberties (PUCL) case, ruled and directed the Election Commission to provide the 'NOTA' option to voters.

NOTA was implemented for the first time in the November-December 2013 Delhi Assembly elections.

NOTA symbol - Ballot paper with a strike through it.

V.V. PAT - Voter Verifiable Paper Audit Trail System. In this method, it is possible to see who the vote is cast for in the EVM.

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16. Attorney General

(Constitutional and Statutory Bodies)

Attorney Generals

• Article 76 describes about Attorney General.
• Attorney General (First Law Officer).
• Attorney General is appointed by the President of India.
• He/She should have the qualifications required for a Supreme Court Judge.
• Attorney General holds office during the pleasure of the President.
• He/She can be removed from office by the President at any time.
• Attorney General receives a salary equal to a Supreme Court Judge, i.e., ₹ 2,50,000 per month.

* Read the following statements. (4) (Telangana Constables Prelims - 2016)

1. A) Current Attorney General Mukul Rohatgi (in 2016)
2. B) Attorney General is appointed by the Chief Justice of India.
3. C) Attorney General's term is six years.

In the above statements, which is/are correct?

1. 1) A and C
2. 2) B and C
3. 3) B and A
4. 4) A only

Attorney General Functions:

1. Acts as the chief legal advisor to the Central Government and the President.
2. Represents the Government of India in all cases filed in the Supreme Court and High Courts.
3. Has the right to appear and argue in any court in India without anyone's permission.
4. Has the right to participate and speak in both houses of Parliament. But does not have the right to vote.
5. Has special privileges enjoyed by Members of Parliament.

S.No.	Name	Period
1.	M.C. Setalvad	1950-63
2.	C.K. Daftary	1963-68
3.	Niren De	1968-77
4.	S.V. Gupta	1977-79
5.	L.N. Sinha	1979-83
6.	K. Parasaran	1983-89
7.	Soli J. Sorabjee	1989-90
8.	G. Ramaswamy	1990-92
9.	Milan K. Banerjee	1992-96
10.	Ashok H. Desai	1996-98
11.	Soli J. Sorabjee	1998-2004
12.	Milan K. Banerjee	2004-2009
13.	Ghulam E. Vahanvati	2009-2014
14.	Mukul Rohatgi	2014-2017
15.	K.K. Venugopal	2017-Present

Note: * First Attorney General of India - M.C. Setalvad (1950 - 1963).

Current Attorney General K.K. Venugopal (from June 30, 2017).

To assist the Attorney General in his duties, there are Solicitor General and Additional Solicitor Generals.

Note: Current Solicitor General Tushar Mehta.

Advocate General:

• Article 165 describes about Advocate General.
• Advocate General is appointed by the Governor.
• They hold office during the pleasure of the Governor of the State.
• Must have the qualifications to be a High Court Judge.
• Advocate General is the first law officer at the state level.

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• They receive a salary equal to a High Court Judge, i.e., ₹ 2,25,000.
• Appears in court on behalf of the State Government and presents arguments.
• Acts as legal advisor to the State Government.
• First Advocate General of Andhra Pradesh - D. Narasaraju.
• Current Advocate General of Andhra Pradesh - Subramanyam Sriram.
• Current Advocate General of Telangana State - B.S. Prasad.

Controller and Auditor General (CAG):

• Article 148 of the Indian Constitution established CAG to monitor government expenditure.
• The post of CAG was adopted from Britain.
• CAG is called the Guardian of Public Purse.
• CAG is the only government official constitutionally established in India who takes oath of office.
• B.R. Ambedkar commented that CAG is the highest official among the officials created by the Indian Constitution.
• CAG heads the Indian Audit & Accounts Department.

Established: Indian Audit and Accounts Department established in the year 1753.

• The post of Accountant General in India was created in 1858.
• First Auditor General was appointed in 1860 - Sir Edmund Drummond.
• In 1884, the post was changed to Comptroller and Auditor General of India.
• In 1971, the Comptroller and Auditor General (Duties, Powers, and Service Conditions) Act mandated 'CAG' to perform central and state accounting and auditing duties.
• In 1976, accounting duties were removed from the functions of CAG.
• CAG is described as a friend, guide, philosopher, ears, and eyes of the Public Accounts Committee (PAC).
• Articles describing Comptroller and Auditor General are 148 to 151.
• CAG is appointed and administered oath by the President of India.

• CAG's term of office is 6 years or up to 65 years of age, whichever is earlier.
• If CAG wants to resign from his post earlier, he should submit his resignation to the President.
• CAG's salary is equal to that of a Supreme Court Judge, i.e., ₹ 2,50,000.
• If CAG is to be removed, he is removed through impeachment resolution in the same manner as a Supreme Court Judge is removed.
• CAG's salary is paid from the Consolidated Fund of India.

CAG Functions:

1. To audit the expenditure incurred by the Central and State Governments.
2. To audit the amount spent from the Consolidated Fund.
3. To audit the expenditure of public sector organizations.
4. CAG submits its annual report to the President. The President shall lay that report before the Parliament. Parliament refers it to the Public Accounts Committee (PAC).
5. PAC thoroughly examines every aspect. In that context, CAG assists. That is why CAG is called a friend of PAC.

Comptroller and Auditor Generals of India

S.No.	Name	Period
1.	V. Narahari Rao	1948 - 1954
2.	A.K. Chanda	1954 - 1960
3.	S.H.A.K. Rauf	1960 - 1966
4.	S. Ranganathan	1966 - 1972
5.	A. Baksi	1972 - 1978
6.	Gian Prakash	1978 - 1984
7.	T.N. Chaturvedi	1984 - 1990
8.	C.G. Somiah	1990 - 1996
9.	V.K. Shunglu	1996 - 2002
10.	V.N. Kaul	2002 - 2008
11.	Vinod Rai	2008 - 2013
12.	Shashi Kant Sharma	2013 - 2017
13.	Rajiv Mehrishi	2017 - 2020
14.	Girish Chandra Murmu	2020 - Present

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