Indian Constitution - Additional Information
Chapter - 3 - Assets, Contracts, Rights, Liabilities, Obligations, and Suits
- Freedom of speech will not be available to citizens as long as the emergency is in force.
- The fundamental rights cannot be enforced by the courts as long as the emergency continues.
- 359A Removed by the 63rd Amendment.
- Financial Emergency.
Part - 19 - Miscellaneous Matters
- President and Governors are above the law.
- 361A. Publication of legislative proceedings is not punishable.
- 362. The special rights of the rulers were abolished by the 26th amendment.
- 363. Courts have no jurisdiction over disputes relating to certain types of treaties and agreements.
- 363A. Abolition of privy purses.
- Special provisions relating to major ports and aerodromes.
- Failure of State Governments to comply with Central directives - Consequence.
- Definitions.
- Interpretation.
Part - 20 - Amendment of the Constitution
- Amendment of the Constitution, powers of Parliament.
Part - 21 - Temporary, Transitional, and Special Provisions
- Parliament can temporarily legislate on matters in the State List.
- Temporary provisions relating to Jammu and Kashmir.
- 371. Special provisions relating to Maharashtra and Gujarat.
- 371A. Special provisions relating to the State of Nagaland.
- 371B. Special provisions relating to the State of Assam.
- 371C. Special provisions relating to the State of Manipur.
- 371D. Special provisions relating to Andhra Pradesh and Telangana.
- 371E. Central University in Andhra Pradesh (currently Telangana).
- 371F. Special provisions relating to the State of Sikkim.
- 371G. Special provisions relating to the State of Mizoram.
- 371H. Special provisions relating to the State of Arunachal Pradesh.
- 371I. Special provisions relating to the State of Goa.
- 371J. Special status to certain areas in the state of Karnataka.
- Continuation of existing laws.
- 372A. Powers of the President in amending the laws.
- Preventive detention of persons and powers of the President in relation thereto.
- Provisions relating to pending cases in the Federal Court.
- Continuation of other courts and judges.
- Provisions relating to High Court Judges.
- Provisions relating to the Comptroller and Auditor General.
- Provisions relating to the Public Service Commission.
- 378A. Special provisions relating to the term of the Legislative Assembly of the State of Andhra Pradesh.
- 379-391. Articles from 379 to 391 have been removed.
- Powers of the President in removing obstacles during the transition period.
Part - 22
Short title, commencement, authoritative text in Hindi and repeals.
- This Constitution may be called the Constitution of India.
- 394. Articles 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 324, 356, 367, 379, 380, 388, 392, 393, and 394 shall come into force at once. The remaining provisions shall come into force on January 26, 1950.
- 394A. Authoritative Hindi translation of the Constitution. The Constitution was translated into Hindi in 1987.
- Except for the Privy Council Jurisdiction Act, 1949, the Government of India Act, 1935, the Government of India Act, 1935, and the Government of India Act, 1947 were repealed.
BOX ITEMS
Acts - Years
| Act |
Year |
| * Regulation Act | 1773 |
| * Pitt's India Act | 1784 |
| * Council Acts | 1861, 1892, 1909 |
| * Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms | 1919 |
| * Trade Union Act | 1926 |
| * Child Marriage Restraint Act (Sharda Act) | 1929 |
| * Reserve Bank of India Act | 1934 |
| * Banking Regulation Act | 1949 |
| * Representation of the People Act | 1951 |
| * Hindu Marriage Act | 1955 |
| * Inter-State River Disputes Act | 1956 |
| * States Reorganisation Act | 1956 |
| * Dowry Prohibition Act | 1961 |
| * Income Tax Act | 1961 |
| * Wildlife Protection Act | 1972 |
| * Demonetisation Act | 1978 |
| * National Security Act | 1980 |
| * Air Pollution Prevention Act | 1981 |
| * Anti-Corruption Act | 1988 |
| * SC, ST Atrocities Act | 1989 |
| * PESA Act | 1996 |
| * FEMA Act | 1999 |
| * Competition Act | 2002 |
| * Biodiversity Act (2002) Implemented in | 2003 |
| * Disaster Management Act | 2005 |
| * Right to Information Act | 2005 |
| * National Rural Employment Guarantee Act | 2005 |
| * Domestic Violence Act | 2005 |
| * Child Rights Protection Act | 2006 |
| * Child Marriage Prohibition Act | 2006 |
| * Gram Nyayalayas Act | 2008 |
| * Right to Education Act | 2009 |
| * National Green Tribunal Act | 2010 |
| * Lokpal Lokayukta Act | 2013 |
| * Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act | 2014 |
| * Mental Health Care Act | 2017 |
| * Goods and Services Tax GST Act | 2017 |
Great people - Their Gurus
| Person |
Guru |
| Netaji | Chittaranjan Das |
| Alexander | Aristotle |
| Aristotle | Plato |
| Mahatma Gandhi | Gopal Krishna Gokhale |
| Gopal Krishna Gokhale | Mahadev Govind Ranade |
| Gautama Buddha | Alara Kalama |
| Sachin Tendulkar | Ramakant Achrekar |
| P.V. Sindhu | Pullela Gopichand |
Systems - Founders
| Systems |
Founder |
| Indian Railways | Lord Dalhousie |
| Local Self-Government Institutions | Lord Ripon |
| Indian Engineering | Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya |
| Father of Indian Unrest | Bal Gangadhar Tilak |
| Indian Cinema | Dadasaheb Phalke |
| Green Revolution in India | M.S. Swaminathan |
| Indian Cooperative Movement | Frederick Nicholson |
| Indian Surgery | Sushruta |
| Indian Astronomy | Varahamihira |
| Father of the Indian Constitution | B.R. Ambedkar |
| Father of the Nation | Mahatma Gandhi |
| Father of Indian Space | Vikram Sarabhai |
| Father of Indian Nuclear Program | Homi Jehangir Bhabha |
| Father of Indian Poultry | Banda Vasudevrao(B.V. Rao) |
| Father of Indian Parliament | G.V. Mavalankar |
Minimum age required for various posts
| Post |
Minimum Age |
| President |
35 years |
| Vice-President |
35 years |
| Rajya Sabha Member |
30 years |
| Legislative Council Member (MLC) |
30 years |
| Lok Sabha Member |
25 years |
| Legislative Assembly Member (MLA) |
25 years |
| Zilla Parishad Chairman |
21 years |
| ZPTC Member |
21 years |
| Mandal Parishad President |
21 years |
| MPTC Member |
21 years |
| Panchayat Sarpanch |
21 years |
| Panchayat Ward Member |
21 years |
| To vote in elections |
18 years |
Famous Commissions Established Years
| Commission |
Year |
| National SC/ST Commission | 1978 |
| Exclusively National ST Commission | 2004 |
| National Minorities Commission | 1978 |
| National Women's Commission | 1992 |
| National OBC Commission | 1993 |
| National Human Rights Commission | 1993 |
| National Information Commission | 2005 |
Agreements
| Agreement |
Year |
Between |
| Sribagh Pact |
1937 |
Leaders of Andhra and Rayalaseema |
| Panchsheel Agreement |
1954 |
India-China |
| Gentlemen's Agreement |
1956 |
Seemandhra, Telangana |
| Tashkent Agreement |
1966 |
Lal Bahadur Shastri - Mohammad Ayub Khan (Pakistan) |
| Simla Agreement |
1972 |
Indira Gandhi - Zulfikar Ali Bhutto (Pakistan) |
Famous Quotes on the Constitution
| Quote |
Person |
| "Patchwork" | Granville Austin |
| "Lawyers' Paradise" | Ivor Jennings |
| "Quasi-federal" | K.C. Wheare |
| "Cooperative Federalism" | Granville Austin |
| "Centralized Federation" | Ivor Jennings |
| "Lengthy, Divine" | Ivor Jennings |
| "Bargaining Federalism" | Morris Jones |
| "Elephantine" | H.V. Kamath |
Famous Leaders - Their Samadhis
| Leader |
Samadhi |
| Mahatma Gandhi |
Rajghat |
| B.R. Ambedkar |
Chaityabhoomi |
| Babu Rajendra Prasad |
Mahaprayan Ghat |
| Jawaharlal Nehru |
Shantivan |
| Indira Gandhi |
Shakti Sthal |
| Charan Singh |
Kisan Ghat |
| Lal Bahadur Shastri |
Vijay Ghat |
| Jagjivan Ram |
Samata Sthal |
| Rajiv Gandhi |
Veerbhumi |
| Giani Zail Singh |
Ekta Sthal |
| Morarji Desai |
Abhay Ghat |
| Gulzarilal Nanda |
Narayan Ghat |
| Shankar Dayal Sharma |
Karmabhoomi |
| Krishan Kant |
Nigambodh Ghat |
| P.V. Narasimha Rao |
Gnanabhumi |
| K.R. Narayanan |
Uday Bhoomi |
| Chandrasekhar |
Jananayak Sthal |
| I.K. Gujral |
Smriti Sthal |
| Devi Lal |
Sangharsh Sthal |
| N.T. Rama Rao |
Buddha Purnima Park |
Constitutional Posts - Salaries
| Constitutional Posts |
Salary |
| President | ₹. 5,00,000 |
| Vice-President | ₹. 4,00,000 |
| Lok Sabha Speaker | ₹. 4,00,000 |
| Governor | ₹. 3,50,000 |
| Chief Justice of the Supreme Court | ₹. 2,80,000 |
| Supreme Court Judges | ₹. 2,50,000 |
| High Court Chief Justice | ₹. 2,50,000 |
| High Court Judges | ₹. 2,25,000 |
| Chief Election Commissioner | ₹. 2,50,000 |
| Comptroller and Auditor General | ₹. 2,50,000 |
| UPSC Chairman | ₹. 2,50,000 |
| Cabinet Secretary | ₹. 2,50,000 |
| Lieutenant Governor | ₹. 2,25,000 |
Round Table Conferences
1st Round Table Conference - 1930 (November 12– 1931 January 19)
2nd Round Table Conference - 1931 (September 7- December 1)
3rd Round Table Conference - 1932 (November 17 – December 24)
Constitution - Numbers
| Items |
Numbers |
| Year of elections to the Constituent Assembly | 1946 |
| First meeting of the Constituent Assembly | 9 December 1946 |
| Last meeting of the Constituent Assembly | 24 January 1950 |
| Date of adoption of the Constitution | 26 November 1949 |
| Date of commencement of the Constitution | 26 January 1950 |
| Date of formation of Drafting Committee | 29 August 1947 |
| Number of members in the Drafting Committee | 7 (1+6) |
| Time taken to draft the Constitution | 2 years 11 months 18 days |
| Cost of drafting the Constitution | Rs. 64 lakhs |
| Number of members in the Constituent Assembly before partition | 389 |
| Number of members in the Constituent Assembly after partition | 299 |
| Number of Articles in the Constitution (currently) | 465 (395) |
| Number of Schedules in the Constitution (currently) | 12 (8) |
| Number of Parts in the Constitution (currently) | 25 (22) |
Important Constitutional Amendments
| Amendment No. |
Year of Implementation |
Subject |
| 7 |
1956 |
Reorganisation of states on linguistic basis |
| 9 |
1960 |
Settled borders with Pakistan through agreement |
| 10 |
1961 |
Inclusion of Dadra & Nagar Haveli as Union Territory in the Indian Union |
| 12 |
1961 |
Acquisition of Goa, Daman, Diu from Portugal and merger with India |
| 13 |
1963 |
Special protection and statehood to Nagaland |
| 14 |
1962 |
Conversion of Puducherry into a Union Territory |
| 21 |
1967 |
Inclusion of Sindhi language in the 8th Schedule |
| 26 |
1971 |
Abolition of privy purses |
| 36 |
1975 |
Merger of Sikkim with India |
| 42 |
1976 |
Many provisions were added to the Constitution along with Fundamental Duties. That is why it is called mini constitution |
| 52 |
1985 |
Anti-defection law |
| 61 |
1989 |
Reduction of voting age from 21 to 18 |
| 71 |
1992 |
Inclusion of Konkani, Manipuri, and Nepali languages in the 8th Schedule |
| 73 |
1993 |
Panchayati Raj Act |
| 74 |
1993 |
Municipalities |
| 86 |
2002 |
Right to Education Act |
| 92 |
2003 |
Inclusion of Bodo, Dogri, Santhali, Maithili languages (effective from 2004) |
| 101 |
2016 |
GST (effective from 1st July 2017) |
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