Indian Polity - Lok Sabha and Speaker - Continued
The Speaker has the final decision in allowing adjournment motions introduced in the Lok Sabha.
The power to give a ruling on a point of order rests with the Lok Sabha Speaker.
Lok Sabha members cannot be arrested without the permission of the Speaker.
The Speaker acts as the link between the President and the Lok Sabha.
Lok Sabha records are secured.
The Lok Sabha Speaker officially announces the resignation of the President.
The Leader of the Opposition in the Lok Sabha is appointed by the Speaker.
Lok Sabha Speakers - Analysis
| Lok Sabha | Speakers |
|---|---|
| First Lok Sabha | G.V. Mavalankar Ananthasayanam Ayyangar |
| Second Lok Sabha | Ananthasayanam Ayyangar Sardar Hukam Singh |
| Third Lok Sabha | Sardar Hukam Singh |
| Fourth Lok Sabha | Neelam Sanjiva Reddy |
| Fifth Lok Sabha | G.S. Dhillon G.S. Dhillon Bali Ram Bhagat |
| Sixth Lok Sabha | Neelam Sanjiva Reddy K.S. Hegde |
| Seventh Lok Sabha | Balram Jakhar |
| Eighth Lok Sabha | Balram Jakhar |
| Ninth Lok Sabha | Rabi Ray |
| Tenth Lok Sabha | Shivraj Patil |
| Eleventh Lok Sabha | P.A. Sangma |
| Twelfth Lok Sabha | G.M.C. Balayogi |
| Thirteenth Lok Sabha | G.M.C. Balayogi Manohar Joshi |
| Fourteenth Lok Sabha | Somnath Chatterjee |
| Fifteenth Lok Sabha | Meira Kumar |
| Sixteenth Lok Sabha | Sumitra Mahajan |
| Seventeenth Lok Sabha | Om Birla |
In 1947, G.V. Mavalankar served as the Speaker of the Provisional Parliament.
First Lok Sabha Speaker - G.V. Mavalankar
The first Telugu person to hold the post of Lok Sabha Speaker - Ananthasayanam Ayyangar
Telugu people who served as Lok Sabha Speakers - Ananthasayanam Ayyangar, Neelam Sanjiva Reddy, Balayogi
The Speaker who allowed the highest number of no-confidence motions (6) in a single term - Sardar Hukam Singh
Arrange the following Lok Sabha Speakers in chronological order of their tenure.
(3) (TSLPRBT-2018)
a) K S Hegde
b) Rabi Ray
c) Balram Jakhar
d) Shivraj Patil
e) P A Sangma
- a, c, d, e & b
- a, b, c, d & e
- c, a, e, d & b
- c, e, a, d & b
Examine the following explanations related to the post of Lok Sabha Speaker and identify the correct ones.
(2) (TSLPRBT-2018)
a) Neelam Sanjiva Reddy served twice as Lok Sabha Speaker.
b) The Speaker is always elected from the ruling party.
c) Balram Jakhar held the post of Speaker after K.S. Hegde.
d) Jyotiraditya Scindia acted as the 16th Lok Sabha Pro-tem Speaker.
- a, b & d only
- a & c only
- a & d only
- a, c & d only
The first Andhra person to hold the post of Speaker Neelam Sanjiva Reddy
The only Speaker who resigned from the party after being elected as Speaker Neelam Sanjiva Reddy
The shortest serving Lok Sabha Speaker (in one term) Neelam Sanjiva Reddy
Neelam Sanjiva Reddy served as Speaker for which Lok Sabhas - 4, 6
The person who served as Speaker and became President - Neelam Sanjiva Reddy
Shortest serving Speaker - Baliram Bhagat
Longest serving Speaker - Balram Jakhar
The first Speaker to serve two consecutive Lok Sabhas Balram Jakhar
People who served as Speakers for two Lok Sabhas
Neelam Sanjiva Reddy, Ananthasayanam Ayyangar, G.S. Dhillon Balram Jakhar, Balayogi
G.M.C. Balayogi served as Speaker for which Lok Sabhas - 12, 13
Second Speaker to die in office - Balayogi
First Dalit Speaker - Balayogi
First Speaker elected from a regional party - Balayogi
Youngest to become Speaker - Balayogi
The person who resigned as Pro-tem Speaker and was elected as Speaker - Somnath Chatterjee
First Woman Speaker - Meira Kumar
Second Woman Speaker - Sumitra Mahajan
The first Speaker to die in office G.V. Mavalankar
Present (17th) Lok Sabha Speaker Om Birla was elected as a member from Kota Bundi in Rajasthan.
Who among the following was/is the Lok Sabha Speaker?
(1) (Telangana Constable Prelims-2016)
a) Somnath Chatterjee, Rabi Ray, Manohar Joshi
b) P.A. Sangma, Murali Manohar Joshi, Arjun Singh
c) Smt. Sumitra Mahajan, Smt. Meira Kumar, Shivraj Patil
d) Balram Jakhar, Jairam Ramesh, K.S. Hegde
- a and c
- d and a
- b and c
- c only
Deputy Speaker
Article 93 deals with the Deputy Speaker of the Lok Sabha.
The post of Deputy Speaker of the Lok Sabha was created by the Government of India Act, 1919 (Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms Act).
When the Lok Sabha Speaker is not present in the House, the Deputy Speaker presides over the House.
The Lok Sabha members elect one of themselves as the Deputy Speaker.
The tradition of allocating the post of Deputy Speaker to the opposition has been coming since 1967.
Term - 5 years
The Deputy Speaker can be removed by passing a removal resolution in the Lok Sabha by a simple majority.
The Deputy Speaker submits his resignation to the Speaker.
The first Lok Sabha Deputy Speaker Ananthasayanam Ayyangar
The only person who served as Deputy Speaker of Lok Sabha twice - Thambidurai
Pro-tem Speaker
After the Lok Sabha elections, the President appoints a senior member of the Lok Sabha as Pro-tem Speaker to preside over the meetings of the new Lok Sabha. This tradition was taken from France.
The Pro-tem Speaker not only administers the oath to the new members but also conducts the election of the Speaker.
The person who served as Pro-tem Speaker most often Indrajit Gupta
First Lok Sabha Pro-tem Speaker - G.V. Mavalankar
17th Lok Sabha Pro-tem Speaker - Virendra Kumar
Panel Speaker
Temporary Speakers appointed to preside over the House when the Speaker and Deputy Speakers are not present in the House are called Panel Speakers.
The Lok Sabha Speaker appoints the Panel Speakers.
If the Panel Speakers are also not available, the person appointed by the President presides.
Match the period of the following government with the respective Lok Sabha number.
(3)(Telangana Constable-2019)
List-1 : Government List - 2 : Lok Sabha
a) National Front 1) Tenth
b) Janata Party 2) Ninth
c) United Front 3) Sixth
d) Congress Party 4) Eleventh
a b c d
1) 2 3 1 4
2) 3 2 1 4
3) 2 3 4 1
4) 1 4 2 3
Lok Sabha Term
| Lok Sabha | Term |
|---|---|
| 1st Lok Sabha | 1952-1957 |
| 2nd Lok Sabha | 1957-1962 |
| 3rd Lok Sabha | 1962-1967 |
| 4th Lok Sabha | 1967-1970 |
| 5th Lok Sabha | 1971-1977 |
| 6th Lok Sabha | 1977-1980 |
| 7th Lok Sabha | 1980-1984 |
| 8th Lok Sabha | 1985-1989 |
| 9th Lok Sabha | 1989-1991 |
| 10th Lok Sabha | 1991-1996 |
| 11th Lok Sabha | 1996-1997 |
| 12th Lok Sabha | 1998-1999 |
| 13th Lok Sabha | 1999-2004 |
| 14th Lok Sabha | 2004-2009 |
| 15th Lok Sabha | 2009-2014 |
| 16th Lok Sabha | 2014-2019 |
| 17th Lok Sabha | 2019-Present |
Lok Sabha - Analysis
The Lok Sabha in which mid-term elections were held for the first time 5th Lok Sabha (1971)
Longest Lok Sabha (6 years) 5th Lok Sabha (1971-77)
The Lok Sabha in which the first non-Congress government was formed 6th Lok Sabha
The Lok Sabha which ruled for the full term despite being in the minority 10th Lok Sabha
The shortest Lok Sabha - 12th Lok Sabha
Current Lok Sabha - 17th Lok Sabha
After which Lok Sabha elections did non-Congress governments come to power in the states - 4th Lok Sabha (1967)
Youngest person to be elected as a Member of Parliament Chandrayani Murmu (Keonjhar Lok Sabha seat, Odisha - 25 years 11 months)
Parliament makes laws. Regarding this, consider the following points. (2) (TS LPRBT-2018)
a) All bills, including money bills, can be introduced in either House of Parliament.
b) All Members of Parliament have the power to introduce bills in their respective Houses.
c) A bill can be introduced by a private member who is not a minister.
d) A bill published in the official gazette before introduction does not require any permission to be introduced in the House.
Select the correct answers.
- a, b and c only
- b, c and d only
- a, b and d only
- a, c and d only
To be recognized as an opposition party in the Lok Sabha, 1/10th of the total seats in the Lok Sabha must be won. The law giving recognition as Leader of the Opposition was made in 1977.
The first recognized Leader of the Opposition in the Lok Sabha - Y.B. Chavan
17th Lok Sabha Leader of the Opposition - None
Lok Sabha elections with the highest voting percentage - 17th Lok Sabha elections - (67%)
First Lok Sabha Leader - Nehru
Current 17th Lok Sabha Leader - Modi
Current Rajya Sabha Leader - Thawarchand Gehlot
Leader of Opposition in Rajya Sabha - Mallikarjuna Kharge (from February 12, 2021)
Current Lok Sabha Secretary General - Utpal Kumar Singh
Legislative Process
Making laws is the primary duty of Parliament.
The first step in law-making is to draft a bill.
The Union Cabinet first prepares the bill.
When the government wants to make any law, it prepares a draft with the elements to be included in the law. This is called a bill.
Bills can be classified as ordinary bills, money bills, constitutional amendment bills, and bills to complete ordinances.
The bill becomes law after it is passed by the Parliament.
Ordinary bills and bills relating to the formation of states and constitutional amendment bills can be introduced first in either House.
Money bills should be introduced only in the Lok Sabha first.
There are mainly 5 stages in the bill approval process.
First Stage - Introduction Stage :
- Ordinary bills can be introduced first in either House.
- Money bills should be introduced first in the Lok Sabha.
- An ordinary bill can be introduced by the concerned minister or a member of Parliament.
- The Speaker decides the date for the bill to come up for discussion.
Note:
- Members of Parliament who are not ministers can also introduce a Private Member Bill. But that bill must first be approved by the House.
- The last 2 hours of Friday are allotted for the Private Member Bill. If a Private Member Bill is passed despite the government's opposition, the government has to resign.
Second Stage - Reading Stage :
A) First Reading Stage:
- After getting permission to introduce the bill, the concerned minister or member of Parliament reads the title of the bill and explains the benefits of the bill becoming law.
- There will be no discussion at this stage.
- With the permission of the members, the Speaker orders the bill to be published in the Gazette.
B) Second Reading:
- A discussion takes place on the main points related to the bill.
- The concerned minister requests the House to consider four alternatives related to the bill.
- 1) The members may request to consider the items in the bill immediately.
- 2) They may request to refer the bill to the Select Committee.
- 3) They may request to refer the bill to the Joint Committee.
- 4) They may request to conduct a public opinion poll on the bill.
Note: Generally, the bill is referred to the Select Committee.
- The Select Committee is appointed by the Speaker.
- The Select Committee consists of members from the ruling party and the opposition party who are interested in the relevant subject.
If the Deputy Speaker is a member of that committee, he presides over that committee. Or any one member presides.
The Select Committee submits the report on that bill within the deadline.
C) Third Reading:
- A clause-by-clause discussion takes place on the bill.
- The concerned minister requests the House to approve the bill.
- The Speaker conducts voting on the approval of the bill.
- The bill is passed (or) rejected. With this, the bill process in one house ends.
Third Stage - Bill goes to Second House :
- The bill passed by one house goes to the second house.
- There also the bill has to go through three reading stages.
- The second house may also approve or reject the bill passed by the first house (or) send it back to the first house with proposed amendments to the bill.
- If the first house rejects those amendments, a deadlock arises between the two houses.
- The second house can 'postpone' the bills sent by the first house without expressing any opinion.
Fourth Stage - Joint Sitting of Both Houses :
- If a deadlock arises between the two Houses on the bill, the President convenes a joint sitting of both Houses according to Article 108.
Note: The Lok Sabha Speaker presides over the joint sitting of both Houses.
Fifth Stage - Presidential Assent :
- The bill passed by both Houses separately or jointly is submitted to the President.
- The President may approve, reject, or send the bill back to Parliament for reconsideration (or) remain silent without expressing his opinion.
Note: If the bill sent back to Parliament by the President for reconsideration comes back to the President, the President must approve it.
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