Financial Emergency Powers of the President of India

Comprehensive Summary: Financial Emergency Powers of the President of India (Telugu Text)

Source: Summarized from Telugu Text Image

Financial Emergency (ఆర్థిక అత్యవసర పరిస్థితి) - Article 360

* Article 360 pertains to Financial Emergency.

* The President can declare a Financial Emergency if the financial stability or credit of the country is threatened.

* The President declares this emergency based on the advice of the Central Council of Ministers.

Parliamentary Approval and Duration

   

       
• The declaration of Financial Emergency by the President must be approved by both houses of Parliament.
       
• Approval requires a simple majority in Parliament.
       
• Parliamentary approval must be obtained within two months.
       
• In case of disagreement between the houses, the emergency gets revoked. There is no provision for a joint sitting of both houses to resolve disagreements on a Financial Emergency.
       
• Duration of Financial Emergency is 6 months.
       
• Parliament can extend it for another 6 months through a resolution.
       
• There is no maximum limit for the duration of a Financial Emergency.
   

Revocation of Financial Emergency

   

       
• The President can revoke the Financial Emergency through a simple declaration.
       
• Parliament can also revoke it through an ordinary resolution.
   

Changes During Financial Emergency (సంభవించే మార్పులు)

   

       
• Salary Cuts: Salaries and allowances of all government officials, including Supreme Court (S.C.) and High Court (H.C.) judges, except the President, can be reduced.
       
• State Budget Review: States must submit their budget copies to the Central Government when requested.
       
• Financial Directives: States must strictly follow the financial guidelines issued by the Central Government, including austerity measures.
       
• Article 215 Impact: Under Article 215, the Central Government can halt financial aid to states.
       
• Validity of Laws: Laws enacted during a Financial Emergency remain in effect for 6 months after the emergency ends.
   

Criticisms of Emergency Powers (అత్యవసర అధికారాలపై విమర్శలు)

Critics argue that emergency powers could lead to an authoritarian and dictatorial state in India.

   

       
• K.T. Shah's View: "Emergency powers in our country facilitate the establishment of an autocratic and dictatorial state."
       
• H.V. Kamath's View: "The peace established by using emergency provisions resembles the tranquility of a graveyard."
       
• Pandit Hrudayanath Kunzru's View: "Provisions like Article 356, which allow for the dismissal of state governments, are detrimental to our federal system."
   

This is a comprehensive summary translated from the Telugu text image. For detailed information, please refer to original sources on the Indian Constitution and government websites.