indian polity book series 27

Page 1 (Page 133 of the original document): Legislative Assembly

Continuation of the list of Women Chief Ministers of India:

S.No	Chief Minister's Name	State	Party	Years
12	Vasundhara Raje Scindia	Rajasthan	BJP	2003-2008 2013-2018	3945
13	Uma Bharti	Madhya Pradesh	BJP	2003-2004	259
14	Mamata Banerjee	West Bengal	Trinamool Congress	2011-Present
15	Anandiben Patel	Gujarat	BJP	2014-2016	808
16	Mehbooba Mufti	Jammu and Kashmir	PDP	2016-18	807

State Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha):

• The bicameral system at the central level in our country was introduced in 1919.
• The bicameral system at the state level was introduced in 1935.
• Part 6 of the Constitution, from Articles 168 to 212 (a total of 45 articles), describes the structure, qualifications, and election process of the State Legislative Assembly.
• The state legislature consists of the Legislative Assembly, the Legislative Council, and the Governor.
• The State Legislative Assembly is the lower house in the state. It is also called the Legislative Assembly.
• The maximum number of members in the Legislative Assembly is 500. The minimum number of members is 60.
• Members of the Legislative Assembly are directly elected by voters from various constituencies in the state.
• According to Article 333, if the Governor believes that Anglo-Indians are not adequately represented in the State Legislative Assembly, he/she can nominate one Anglo-Indian to the Legislative Assembly.
• The 104th Constitutional Amendment (2020) abolished the reservation for Anglo-Indians in the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies.

States with the highest number of Legislative Assembly seats:

1. Uttar Pradesh - 403
2. West Bengal - 294
3. Maharashtra - 288
4. Bihar - 243
5. Tamil Nadu - 234

States with fewer members than the minimum number (60) prescribed by the Constitution:

1. Sikkim - 32
2. Goa - 40
3. Mizoram - 40
4. Puducherry - 30 (Union Territory).

Note: There were 89 members in the Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly.

In August 2019, the Indian Parliament passed the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act. According to this, the state of Jammu and Kashmir was divided into two Union Territories: Jammu and Kashmir (with a Legislative Assembly) and Ladakh.

With this, the number of members of the Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly was reduced to 85. (4 seats in the Ladakh region were reduced)

The number of Legislative Assembly members in the National Capital Territory of Delhi is 70.

The term of the Legislative Assembly is 5 years.

Article 332 deals with the reservation of seats for SCs and STs in the Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha).

The total number of members in the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly (Assembly) is 175.

States with Legislative Assemblies having the minimum number of 60 members prescribed by the Constitution - Arunachal Pradesh, Goa, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Tripura

According to Article 170(2), each state is divided into constituencies.

According to the 87th Constitutional Amendment 2003, until the census after 2026, the number of members was determined based on the 1971 population. This number will not change until 2026.

Page 2 (Page 134 of the original document): Legislative Assembly (Continued) and Speaker

Seats reserved for SC and ST in the A.P. Assembly are SC-29, ST-7.

The number of Legislative Assembly members in Telangana is - 119

• Out of these, those reserved for Scheduled Castes are - 19
• Out of these, those reserved for Scheduled Tribes are 12

States with the highest number of MLA seats reserved for Scheduled Castes - Uttar Pradesh (85), West Bengal (68), Tamil Nadu (44)

States with the highest number of MLA seats reserved for Scheduled Tribes - Nagaland (59), Arunachal Pradesh (59), Meghalaya (55), Madhya Pradesh (47)

The Governor can dissolve the Legislative Assembly at any time before the completion of its term, on the advice of the Council of Ministers.

The qualifications of a member of the State Legislative Assembly are mentioned in Article 173. They are:

1. Must be a citizen of India.
2. The minimum age to be elected as a member of the Legislative Assembly should be 25 years (there is no upper age limit).
3. Should not hold any government office that provides income.
4. In addition, they must possess other qualifications prescribed by Parliament.

Maximum expenditure limits in Legislative Assembly elections: ₹30.8 lakhs, ₹22 lakhs in smaller states

According to Article 174(1), the Governor ensures that the state Legislative Assembly meets at least twice a year. However, the time between the last day of one session and the first day of the next session should not exceed 6 months. There is no maximum limit on the number of sessions.

Currently, the Legislative Assembly meets three times a year. They are:

1. Budget Session: February - April
2. Rainy Season Session: July - August
3. Winter Session: November - December

In the State Legislative Assembly, there are separate Speakers and Deputy Speakers for both houses. They play a key role in conducting the proceedings of the House.

Salaries and Allowances of Members of Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly and Legislative Council:

The Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly Members' Salaries, Pensions, and Disqualification Removal Act, 1953, was amended in 2016. According to this, the salaries and allowances of the members were increased.

• Salary, constituency allowance: (12,000 + 1,13,000) = ₹1,25,000
• Accommodation Allowance (per month) - ₹50,000
• Cash for Railway Coupons (per annum) - ₹1,00,000
• Magazines, Books Allowance (per annum) - ₹20,000
• Vehicle / House Construction Advance - ₹20,00,000
• Maximum Pension per month - ₹50,000

Salary and other allowances per month - ₹2.50 lakhs. This includes a) Basic Salary - ₹20,000 b) Constituency Allowances - ₹2.30 lakhs. If quarters are not used, house rent allowance per month - ₹25000. Allowance per day when attending sessions - ₹1000. Maximum Pension - ₹50,000 per month.

Pro-tem Speaker:

By tradition, the Governor appoints the senior-most member of the House as the Pro-tem Speaker.

The Governor administers the oath of office to the Pro-tem Speaker.

The Pro-tem Speaker administers the oath of office to the newly elected members of the House and also conducts the election of the Speaker.

The Pro-tem Speaker conducts the proceedings of the House until the Speaker is elected.

Pro-tem Speaker of the 15th Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly - Shambangi Appala Naidu

Pro-tem Speaker of the Second Telangana Legislative Assembly - Mumtaz Ahmed Khan

Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the Legislative Assembly:

The Speaker and Deputy Speaker are there to conduct the proceedings of the Legislative Assembly smoothly.

The members of the Legislative Assembly elect the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker.

Page 3 (Page 135 of the original document): Speaker and Deputy Speaker (Continued)

• In the absence of the Speaker, or if the office of the Speaker is vacant, the Deputy Speaker performs the duties of the Speaker.
• If both the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker are absent at the same time, one of the panel speakers performs the duties of the Speaker.
• The number of panel speakers in the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly is 6.
• The Speaker presides over the meetings of the Legislative Assembly.
• When a resolution for the removal of the Speaker is under discussion, the Speaker, even if present in the Legislative Assembly, cannot preside over the proceedings of the House.
• The Speaker can participate in the discussion on the resolution for his/her removal. He/she can speak. He/she can participate in the voting on the resolution for his/her removal.
• He/she can also exercise his/her right to vote in the first instance. However, he/she cannot exercise the casting vote if there is a tie in the votes for and against the resolution.
• If the Speaker wants to resign, he/she should send his/her resignation to the Deputy Speaker.

Similarly, if the Deputy Speaker wants to resign from his/her post, he/she should send his/her resignation letter to the Speaker.

The salaries and allowances of the Speaker and Deputy Speaker are determined by the Legislative Assembly.

The salaries and allowances of the Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the Legislative Assembly are paid from the Consolidated Fund of the State.

Every member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) must take an oath before the Governor; or before an officer appointed by the Governor, before taking his/her membership.

Note: The Governor administers the oath of office to the Chief Justice of the High Court.

The Governor takes the oath of office from the Chief Justice of the High Court.

The High Court Judges take the oath of office from the Chief Justice of the High Court.

The Pro-tem Speaker takes the oath of office from the Speaker.

The Governor administers the oath of office to the Chairman of the Legislative Council.

The Speaker of the Legislative Assembly takes the oath of office from the Deputy Speaker.

The Chairman takes the oath of office from the Deputy Chairman of the Legislative Council.

The minimum number of members required to be present for a meeting of the State Legislative Assembly is called the quorum.

The quorum required for a meeting of the State Legislative Assembly is 1/10th or 10 members. Whichever is higher is taken into consideration. Quorum = Total number of members in the State Legislative Assembly / 10.

Example: Quorum in the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly = 175/10 = 17.5, rounded up to 18 members.

Quorum in the Telangana Legislative Assembly: = 119/10 = 11.9 rounded up to 12 members.

If at any time during the proceedings of the Legislative Assembly / Legislative Council, the Speaker or the Chairman notices that the number of members present is less than the quorum, he/she should adjourn the House or suspend the House until the quorum is complete.

According to 190(1), a person cannot be a member of both the Legislative Assembly and the Legislative Council at the same time.

Page 4 (Page 136 of the original document): Speaker and Deputy Speaker (Continued), and Disqualifications

For this, the Legislative Assembly enacts a law. According to the provisions of this law, a member loses membership in one house.

According to 190(2), a person cannot be a member of the Legislative Assemblies of two or more states at the same time. If any person is so elected, the President shall issue orders to the effect that the person shall lose all such memberships after a specified period.

A member of the Legislative Assembly should submit his/her resignation to the Speaker.

A person with the following disqualifications is not eligible to be elected as a member of the Legislative Assembly/Legislative Council and cannot continue as a member:

1. Those who have been declared by the court to be of unsound mind.
2. Those who have been declared bankrupt.
3. Those who are not Indian citizens or have voluntarily acquired foreign citizenship.

The longest-serving Speaker in the country - Hashim Abdul Halim (West Bengal).

Current Speaker of the Telangana Legislative Assembly - Pocharam Srinivas Reddy (from January 17, 2019)

Note:

• Puchalapalli Sundarayya was a founder of the Communist Party of India (Marxist).
• His real name was Puchalapalli Sundararamireddy.
• He was born in Nellore in 1913.
• The book written by Puchalapalli Sundarayya is 'Visalandhralo Prajarajyam'.

The current Leader of the Opposition in the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly is N. Chandrababu Naidu

The first Speaker of the Andhra State Legislative Assembly was Nallapati Venkataramaiah.

The first Deputy Speaker of the Andhra State Legislative Assembly was P. Suryachandra Rao.

The first Speaker of the Andhra Pradesh State Legislative Assembly was Ayyadevara Kaleswara Rao (from 1956 to 1962).

The longest-serving Speaker of the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly was B.V. Subba Reddy (from 1962 to 1971).

The first and only woman and Dalit woman to serve as the Speaker of the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly was Pratibha Bharati.

The current Speaker of the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly is Tammineni Sitaram.

The current Deputy Speaker of the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly is Kona Raghupathi

The first Leader of the Opposition in the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly was Puchalapalli Sundarayya.

The first Speaker of Telangana was S. Madhusudanachari.

Leaders of the Opposition in the Telangana Legislative Assembly, in order:

1. Kunduru Jana Reddy (2014-18) - First Leader of the Opposition
2. Mallu Bhatti Vikramarka - January 2019- June 2019

Who was the first Speaker of the Andhra Pradesh State? (A.P. Constables-2018) (4)

1. Koka Subbarao
2. Pattabhi Sitaramayya
3. Madapati Hanumantha Rao
4. Ayyadevara Kaleswara Rao

Page 5 (Page 137 of the original document): List of Speakers and Deputy Speakers of Andhra Pradesh

Speakers of the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly

Legislative Assembly	Speaker	Years
1st, 2nd Legislative Assembly	Ayyadevara Kaleswara Rao	1956-1962
3rd Legislative Assembly	B.V. Subba Reddy	1962-1967
4th Legislative Assembly	B.V. Subba Reddy	1967-1970 1970-1971
	K.V. Vema Reddy	1971-1972
	Pidatala Ranga Reddy	1972-1974
5th Legislative Assembly	R. Dasaratharami Reddy	1975-1978
	Divi Kondaiah Chowdary Murthy Raju (Acting)	1978-1980
6th Legislative Assembly	Kona Prabhakara Rao	1981-1981
	Agarala Eswara Reddy	1982-1983
	Tangi Satyanarayana	1983-1984
7th Legislative Assembly	N. Venkataratnam	1984-1985
8th Legislative Assembly	G. Narayana Rao	1985-1989
9th Legislative Assembly	P. Ramachandra Reddy	1990-1990
	D. Sripada Rao	1991-1995
10th Legislative Assembly	Yanamala Ramakrishnudu	1995-1999
11th Legislative Assembly	K. Pratibha Bharati	1999-2004
12th Legislative Assembly	K.R. Suresh Reddy	2004-2009
13th Legislative Assembly	N. Kiran Kumar Reddy	2009-2010
	Nadendla Manohar	2011-2014
14th Legislative Assembly	Dr. Kodela Sivaprasada Rao	2014-2019
15th Legislative Assembly	Tammineni Sitaram	2019 - Present

Deputy Speakers

Legislative Assembly	Deputy Speaker	Years
1st	Kalluri Subbarao	1955 - 1957
2nd	Konda Lakshman Bapuji	1957 - 1960
	Smt TN Sadalakshmi	1960 - 1962
3rd	V. K. Naik	1962 - 1972
4th	C. Jagannatha Rao	1972-1974
5th	Syed Rahmat Ali	1974-1978
	K. Prabhakar Reddy	1978-1980
6th	A. Eswara Reddy	1981-1982
	I. Lingaiah	1982-1983
7th	A. Bhim Reddy	1983-1984
8th	A.V. Suryanarayana Raju	1985-1989
9th	Alapati Dharma Rao	1990-1992
	Buragadda Vedavyas	1993-1994
10th	N.M. Farooq	1995-1999
11th	K. Chandrasekhara Rao	1999-2001
	K. Harishwar Reddy	2001-2003
12th	G. Kuthuhalamma	2004-2009
13th	Nadendla Manohar	2009-2011
	Mallu Bhatti Vikramarka	2011-2014