Parliament

 Parliament

> The Indian Parliament is the supreme legislative body of India.

> Even though the President is not a member of Parliament, they are considered an integral part of the Parliament.

> Article 79 -  States that the Parliament consists of the Rajya Sabha, Lok Sabha, and the President.

> The bicameral system was introduced in India through the 1919 Act.

> In 1954, G.V. Mavalankar, the first Speaker of the Lok Sabha, first described the upper house as 'Rajya Sabha' and the lower house as 'Lok Sabha'.

> The Indian Parliament was formed in 1952.

Rajya Sabha (Council of States):

> Article 80 -  Deals with the Rajya Sabha.

> The Rajya Sabha is described as the Council of States, State Council, Upper House, and House of Elders.

> The number of members in the Rajya Sabha is determined by the Parliament.

> As per the Representation of the People Act, 1951, the maximum number is fixed at 250.

> Currently, the number of members in the Rajya Sabha is 245.

> Out of these, 229 members are elected from the states.

    > 3 members are from Delhi and 1 from Puducherry, elected by their respective legislative assemblies.

> The President nominates 12 members who are distinguished in the fields of arts, literature, science, and social service.

> The 4th Schedule details the number of members in the Rajya Sabha.

> Initially, the number of members to be elected from different states was determined based on population and area.

> Article 83 - Mentions the term of office of the Lok Sabha, but there is no mention of the term of office for the Rajya Sabha.

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